Can you use a canon lens on a nikon body?

I want to purchase a Canon EF 50mm f/1.8 II Camera Lens, for my nikon d3300. Is there a type of adapter I could use for this? If so, would that effect the use of the camera?

No. It makes no sense to try, but the effort will be short lived.
The Nikon F mount is narrower than the Canon EOS, so no adapter to put an EOS lens on a Nikon F body is made at all. It would help for you to tell us the exact purpose you have for this lens. Your question screams to me " why didn't you check out the prices fo Nikon lens vs Canon lenses if the Canon lens is so much cheaper. In addition to checking a DSLR for eye viewing comfort, I always advise a person to check the cost of additonal lenses, especially if they are on the fence as to which brand to spend their money on.
Give us more information, you may eb able to find a used 50mm with a Nikon mount that will fill the bill for you.
What model Nikon do you have? Some people say that they have used. But I don't think it's completely fit. One has to ask the question, "Why do you not just buy a Nikkor 50 mm f/1.8 lens
'? It will fit your camera, it will auto-focus on your camera and it will meter in all the modes your camera has, PSAM Nope, and there's no point trying. Nikon produces it's own 50mm f/1.8 lenses.

It would help for you to tell us the exact purpose you have for this lens. Your question screams to me " why didn't you check out the prices fo Nikon lens vs Canon lenses if the Canon lens is so much cheaper. In addition to checking a DSLR for eye viewing comfort, I always advise a person to check the cost of additonal lenses, especially if they are on the fence as to which brand to spend their money on.
Give us more information, you may eb able to find a used 50mm with a Nikon mount that will fill the bill for you.
What model Nikon do you have?

Some people say that they have used. But I don't think it's completely fit.

One has to ask the question, "Why do you not just buy a Nikkor 50 mm f/1.8 lens
'? It will fit your camera, it will auto-focus on your camera and it will meter in all the modes your camera has, PSAM

Nope, and there's no point trying. Nikon produces it's own 50mm f/1.8 lenses.